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钢筋混凝土检查井生产工艺及过程控制
一、圆形检查井
One, round check well
1、钢筋骨架：根据不同规格井室分别使用冷轧带肋钢筋、热轧带肋钢筋，井室、调节节全部滚焊成型。井底采用人工绑扎后与井壁绑扎或焊接在一起。
1, according to different specifications of steel skeleton: well chamber respectively using cold-rolled ribbed steel, hot rolled ribbed steel bars, the well chamber, adjusting all welding roll forming. The bottom hole is lashed with the well wall and welded together.
2、混凝土搅拌：圆形井使用的混凝土是干硬性砼，严格控制原材料的质量、混凝土的用水量、保证混凝土的维勃稠度指标。搅拌设备选用的双卧轴式、程序控制、传感器称重全自动1立方搅拌站。这样充分保证了混凝土的工作度及强度。从混凝土的搅拌到浇筑基本实现自动化。
2, concrete mixing: round well use of concrete is dry concrete, concrete quality, strict control of raw materials with water, ensuring the concrete Vebe consistency index. Mixing equipment selection of twin shaft type, program control, automatic weighing sensor 1 cubic mixing station. This fully guarantees the working degree and strength of the concrete. From concrete mixing to pouring, the automation is basically realized.
3、圆形混凝土检查井的成型：无论是带底井室还是调节块均采用芯模振动成型。在试生产带底检查井的过程中，脱内模时井底塌落。起初受到一些似乎理论（强调脱内膜产生的负压）的影响，脱模时井底塌落，经过反复的试验，排除了原来的错误理论的干扰，我们找到了原因，改进了生产工艺，彻底解决带底井室井底不塌落现象。相继又解决养护期间井底与井壁接触处出现环形开裂等现象。案例——某公司30年前开始生产钢筋混凝土圆形检查井，圆形检查井调节节，采用悬滚工艺制造井筒，井底与井筒是分离的，这种工艺劳动强度大、脱模时混凝土成品磕楞碰角较严重。而必须带模蒸汽养护，生产效率低，需要大量的模具，生产成本较高。安装时往往因井底的位置出现偏差，造成井室无法安装。
3. The forming of the circular concrete inspection well: the core mold is used to form the core mold in both the bottom and the adjustment blocks. In the process of trial production with bottom inspection wells, and internal hole collapse. At first seems to have some theory (emphasis on the negative pressure generated from endometrial effects) stripping hole collapse, after repeated tests, excluding the interference of the original error theory, we found out the reason, improved the production process, completely solve the bottom chamber bottom does not collapse phenomenon. The phenomenon of annular cracking at the bottom of the wellbore and the wall of the wellbore during maintenance has been solved successively. A case -- a company started producing reinforced concrete round inspection well 30 years ago, the round inspection well regulating section, and made the shaft by suspension rolling technology. The bottom hole is separated from the wellbore. The labor intensity of this process is large, and the impact angle of concrete products is very serious when demolished. It is necessary to bring the mould steam curing, the production efficiency is low, a large amount of mould is needed, and the cost of production is high. When installation is often due to the deviation of the location of the bottom of the well, the well chamber can not be installed.
4、混凝土检查井的养护可采用自然养护和蒸汽养护。养护时间根据同等条件混凝土试块的强度，作为井室翻转及外运至成品库的产品混凝土强度依据，保证了出厂的混凝土井的质量。
4. Natural curing and steam curing can be adopted for the maintenance of concrete inspection wells. According to the same condition, the strength of concrete blocks is the basis of the strength of concrete blocks, which ensures the quality of factory concrete wells based on the strength of concrete blocks.
二、矩形井井室
Two, rectangular well well
1、钢筋骨架 使用冷轧带肋(CRB600)、热轧带肋钢筋（HRB400)绑扎成型，洞口加固筋使热轧带肋钢筋不同直径钢筋。机械下料、人工绑扎。钢筋下料根据技术部门的钢筋小样，准确无误的下料。
1, the use of cold rolled ribbed steel bar skeleton (CRB600), hot rolled ribbed steel bars (HRB400) binding molding, hole reinforcement tendons of the hot rolled ribbed steel rebar with different diameters. Mechanical material and manual binding. The rebar blanking is accurate and unmistakable, according to the steel bar sample of the technical department.
2、混凝土搅拌：使用是低流动混凝土，石选择合理级配、控制含泥量、砂使用河中砂、控制含泥量，严格控制用水量，保证其塌落度，严格执行实验室的混凝土配比单。搅拌设备选用的双卧轴式搅拌机、程序控制，传感器称重全自动1立方搅拌站。由于搅拌设备计量准确，保证了混凝土的工作度及强度。从混凝土的计量到浇注全部实现自动化。
2, concrete mixing: the use of low flow concrete, stone reasonable gradation, control quantity of mud and sand with sand, mud river control, strictly control the use of water, ensure the slump, strict implementation of the concrete mix single laboratory. The twin shaft mixer, mixing equipment selection program control, automatic weighing sensor 1 cubic mixing station. Because of accurate metering of mixing equipment, the working degree and strength of concrete are guaranteed. The automation is realized from the measurement of the concrete to the pouring of the whole.
3、钢模具分定型、拼装型相结合多元化钢模具，模具通过计算后充分保证模具的刚度及稳定性。模具做到接缝严密，几何尺寸准确。并做好日常的维护保养工作。
3, the steel mould is divided into different types, and the mould is combined with the multi steel mould. The die has been calculated to ensure the rigidity and stability of the die. The die has strict seams and accurate geometric dimensions. And do a good job of daily maintenance.
4、混凝土井的成型 采用立浇成型。浇筑时应按混凝土施工规范要求分层振捣，使混凝土充分密实。混凝土检查井的养护可根据顾客的需要，可采用自然养护和蒸汽养护。自然养护采用覆盖保水做法使其混凝土的水分不得快速蒸发，冬季生产采用低温掩护，这样可减少蒸养的费用。采用时蒸汽养护时，应保证升、降温的速度，恒温时保证其时间。以同等养护条件混凝土试块的强度，作为井室翻转、脱模及外运至成品库的依据，这样保证了出厂的混凝土井的质量。
4. The molding of the concrete well is made by the vertical casting. When pouring, it should be layered and vibrated according to the specification of concrete construction, so that the concrete is fully compacted. The maintenance of the concrete inspection well can be used for natural maintenance and steam curing according to the needs of the customers. The use of cover and water conservation in natural maintenance does not quickly evaporate the moisture of the concrete. Low temperature cover is used in winter production, which can reduce the cost of steaming. When the steam curing is used, the speed of rising and cooling should be guaranteed, and the time should be guaranteed at constant temperature. With the same curing condition, the strength of concrete blocks is the basis of chamber turnover, demoulding and outward shipment to the finished product warehouse, so as to ensure the quality of factory concrete wells.
三、生产过程中的改进及研发
Three, improvement and research and development in the process of production
1、生产过程中对生产工艺不断的改进
1. Continuous improvement of production process in the process of production
1.1 在圆形井井室与井底分离的工艺。
1.1 the separation process between the round well chamber and the bottom of the well.
经过制作、实际安装使用过程中，发现存在很多不足的现象。改进成为井室与井底整体生产，解决了其接缝处的渗漏的现象，方便了现场安装，无论在生产、施工现场安装都提高工作效率、降低了成本。
In the process of production and actual installation, there are many shortcomings. The improvement has become the integral production of well and bottom hole, solved the leakage phenomenon at its joints, and facilitated on-site installation. No matter in production or construction site installation, it has increased work efficiency and reduced cost.
前文中述检查井的井室、与井底出混凝土开裂的现象，也都是在生产过程解决的。充分利用芯模振动设备的先进性能，通过对模具的改进使其能多元化的生产各类的井室的调节节，规格从400mm~1000mm不同高度。充分提高设备的利用率。由常规的立浇、离心、悬滚工艺生产，改成芯模振动生产节约了设备的投入、由流动性混凝土改为干硬性混凝土节约了水泥、由于使用芯模振动设备可立即脱模可节约模具。可不采用蒸汽养护节约蒸汽养护的费用。做到了降低成本，让利于用户。
In the previous article, the well chamber of the inspection well and the cracking of the concrete at the bottom of the well are also solved in the process of production. Making full use of the advanced performance of the core mold vibration equipment, through the improvement of the die, it can produce various adjustment sections of well chambers, and the specifications are from 400mm~1000mm to different heights. Fully improve the utilization of equipment. By conventional vertical casting, centrifugation and suspension rolling process, the core mold vibration production is saved, the investment of equipment is saved, the mobile concrete is changed into dry concrete, and the cement is saved. Because the core mold vibration equipment can be released immediately, the mold can be saved. The cost of steam curing can be saved without steam curing. In order to reduce the cost, it is beneficial to the user.
1.2 由于矩形检查井的井底与井室也是整体的浇筑的。
1.2 because the bottom and the well chamber of the rectangular check well are also the whole pouring.
下井室成型养护强度达到许可时，要对下井室进行翻转，起初采用人工配合吊车进行翻转，经过研究我们试制成矩形检查井翻转的专用设备。
When the service strength of the downhole chamber reaches the license, we should turn over the downhole chamber, and initially use artificial crane to turn it over. After studying, we are going to manufacture the special equipment for turning the rectangle well.
1.3 随着大管径的检查井投入生产，检查井体积增大、壁厚增厚随之检查井的单体构件重量的增大，原有的起重设备满足不了脱模的能力，通过采用了液压顶配合的办法，弥补设备能力上缺欠。
1.3 large diameter inspection wells with production, inspection wells volume and thickness along with the increase of monomer component weight inspection wells, the original lifting equipment can not release the ability to meet, by using the hydraulic top with the way, make up equipment ability defect.
2、检查井的研发
2. Research and development of inspection wells
根据
according to
One, round check well
1、钢筋骨架：根据不同规格井室分别使用冷轧带肋钢筋、热轧带肋钢筋，井室、调节节全部滚焊成型。井底采用人工绑扎后与井壁绑扎或焊接在一起。
1, according to different specifications of steel skeleton: well chamber respectively using cold-rolled ribbed steel, hot rolled ribbed steel bars, the well chamber, adjusting all welding roll forming. The bottom hole is lashed with the well wall and welded together.
2、混凝土搅拌：圆形井使用的混凝土是干硬性砼，严格控制原材料的质量、混凝土的用水量、保证混凝土的维勃稠度指标。搅拌设备选用的双卧轴式、程序控制、传感器称重全自动1立方搅拌站。这样充分保证了混凝土的工作度及强度。从混凝土的搅拌到浇筑基本实现自动化。
2, concrete mixing: round well use of concrete is dry concrete, concrete quality, strict control of raw materials with water, ensuring the concrete Vebe consistency index. Mixing equipment selection of twin shaft type, program control, automatic weighing sensor 1 cubic mixing station. This fully guarantees the working degree and strength of the concrete. From concrete mixing to pouring, the automation is basically realized.
3、圆形混凝土检查井的成型：无论是带底井室还是调节块均采用芯模振动成型。在试生产带底检查井的过程中，脱内模时井底塌落。起初受到一些似乎理论（强调脱内膜产生的负压）的影响，脱模时井底塌落，经过反复的试验，排除了原来的错误理论的干扰，我们找到了原因，改进了生产工艺，彻底解决带底井室井底不塌落现象。相继又解决养护期间井底与井壁接触处出现环形开裂等现象。案例——某公司30年前开始生产钢筋混凝土圆形检查井，圆形检查井调节节，采用悬滚工艺制造井筒，井底与井筒是分离的，这种工艺劳动强度大、脱模时混凝土成品磕楞碰角较严重。而必须带模蒸汽养护，生产效率低，需要大量的模具，生产成本较高。安装时往往因井底的位置出现偏差，造成井室无法安装。
3. The forming of the circular concrete inspection well: the core mold is used to form the core mold in both the bottom and the adjustment blocks. In the process of trial production with bottom inspection wells, and internal hole collapse. At first seems to have some theory (emphasis on the negative pressure generated from endometrial effects) stripping hole collapse, after repeated tests, excluding the interference of the original error theory, we found out the reason, improved the production process, completely solve the bottom chamber bottom does not collapse phenomenon. The phenomenon of annular cracking at the bottom of the wellbore and the wall of the wellbore during maintenance has been solved successively. A case -- a company started producing reinforced concrete round inspection well 30 years ago, the round inspection well regulating section, and made the shaft by suspension rolling technology. The bottom hole is separated from the wellbore. The labor intensity of this process is large, and the impact angle of concrete products is very serious when demolished. It is necessary to bring the mould steam curing, the production efficiency is low, a large amount of mould is needed, and the cost of production is high. When installation is often due to the deviation of the location of the bottom of the well, the well chamber can not be installed.
4、混凝土检查井的养护可采用自然养护和蒸汽养护。养护时间根据同等条件混凝土试块的强度，作为井室翻转及外运至成品库的产品混凝土强度依据，保证了出厂的混凝土井的质量。
4. Natural curing and steam curing can be adopted for the maintenance of concrete inspection wells. According to the same condition, the strength of concrete blocks is the basis of the strength of concrete blocks, which ensures the quality of factory concrete wells based on the strength of concrete blocks.
二、矩形井井室
Two, rectangular well well
1、钢筋骨架 使用冷轧带肋(CRB600)、热轧带肋钢筋（HRB400)绑扎成型，洞口加固筋使热轧带肋钢筋不同直径钢筋。机械下料、人工绑扎。钢筋下料根据技术部门的钢筋小样，准确无误的下料。
1, the use of cold rolled ribbed steel bar skeleton (CRB600), hot rolled ribbed steel bars (HRB400) binding molding, hole reinforcement tendons of the hot rolled ribbed steel rebar with different diameters. Mechanical material and manual binding. The rebar blanking is accurate and unmistakable, according to the steel bar sample of the technical department.
2、混凝土搅拌：使用是低流动混凝土，石选择合理级配、控制含泥量、砂使用河中砂、控制含泥量，严格控制用水量，保证其塌落度，严格执行实验室的混凝土配比单。搅拌设备选用的双卧轴式搅拌机、程序控制，传感器称重全自动1立方搅拌站。由于搅拌设备计量准确，保证了混凝土的工作度及强度。从混凝土的计量到浇注全部实现自动化。
2, concrete mixing: the use of low flow concrete, stone reasonable gradation, control quantity of mud and sand with sand, mud river control, strictly control the use of water, ensure the slump, strict implementation of the concrete mix single laboratory. The twin shaft mixer, mixing equipment selection program control, automatic weighing sensor 1 cubic mixing station. Because of accurate metering of mixing equipment, the working degree and strength of concrete are guaranteed. The automation is realized from the measurement of the concrete to the pouring of the whole.
3、钢模具分定型、拼装型相结合多元化钢模具，模具通过计算后充分保证模具的刚度及稳定性。模具做到接缝严密，几何尺寸准确。并做好日常的维护保养工作。
3, the steel mould is divided into different types, and the mould is combined with the multi steel mould. The die has been calculated to ensure the rigidity and stability of the die. The die has strict seams and accurate geometric dimensions. And do a good job of daily maintenance.
4、混凝土井的成型 采用立浇成型。浇筑时应按混凝土施工规范要求分层振捣，使混凝土充分密实。混凝土检查井的养护可根据顾客的需要，可采用自然养护和蒸汽养护。自然养护采用覆盖保水做法使其混凝土的水分不得快速蒸发，冬季生产采用低温掩护，这样可减少蒸养的费用。采用时蒸汽养护时，应保证升、降温的速度，恒温时保证其时间。以同等养护条件混凝土试块的强度，作为井室翻转、脱模及外运至成品库的依据，这样保证了出厂的混凝土井的质量。
4. The molding of the concrete well is made by the vertical casting. When pouring, it should be layered and vibrated according to the specification of concrete construction, so that the concrete is fully compacted. The maintenance of the concrete inspection well can be used for natural maintenance and steam curing according to the needs of the customers. The use of cover and water conservation in natural maintenance does not quickly evaporate the moisture of the concrete. Low temperature cover is used in winter production, which can reduce the cost of steaming. When the steam curing is used, the speed of rising and cooling should be guaranteed, and the time should be guaranteed at constant temperature. With the same curing condition, the strength of concrete blocks is the basis of chamber turnover, demoulding and outward shipment to the finished product warehouse, so as to ensure the quality of factory concrete wells.
三、生产过程中的改进及研发
Three, improvement and research and development in the process of production
1、生产过程中对生产工艺不断的改进
1. Continuous improvement of production process in the process of production
1.1 在圆形井井室与井底分离的工艺。
1.1 the separation process between the round well chamber and the bottom of the well.
经过制作、实际安装使用过程中，发现存在很多不足的现象。改进成为井室与井底整体生产，解决了其接缝处的渗漏的现象，方便了现场安装，无论在生产、施工现场安装都提高工作效率、降低了成本。
In the process of production and actual installation, there are many shortcomings. The improvement has become the integral production of well and bottom hole, solved the leakage phenomenon at its joints, and facilitated on-site installation. No matter in production or construction site installation, it has increased work efficiency and reduced cost.
前文中述检查井的井室、与井底出混凝土开裂的现象，也都是在生产过程解决的。充分利用芯模振动设备的先进性能，通过对模具的改进使其能多元化的生产各类的井室的调节节，规格从400mm~1000mm不同高度。充分提高设备的利用率。由常规的立浇、离心、悬滚工艺生产，改成芯模振动生产节约了设备的投入、由流动性混凝土改为干硬性混凝土节约了水泥、由于使用芯模振动设备可立即脱模可节约模具。可不采用蒸汽养护节约蒸汽养护的费用。做到了降低成本，让利于用户。
In the previous article, the well chamber of the inspection well and the cracking of the concrete at the bottom of the well are also solved in the process of production. Making full use of the advanced performance of the core mold vibration equipment, through the improvement of the die, it can produce various adjustment sections of well chambers, and the specifications are from 400mm~1000mm to different heights. Fully improve the utilization of equipment. By conventional vertical casting, centrifugation and suspension rolling process, the core mold vibration production is saved, the investment of equipment is saved, the mobile concrete is changed into dry concrete, and the cement is saved. Because the core mold vibration equipment can be released immediately, the mold can be saved. The cost of steam curing can be saved without steam curing. In order to reduce the cost, it is beneficial to the user.
1.2 由于矩形检查井的井底与井室也是整体的浇筑的。
1.2 because the bottom and the well chamber of the rectangular check well are also the whole pouring.
下井室成型养护强度达到许可时，要对下井室进行翻转，起初采用人工配合吊车进行翻转，经过研究我们试制成矩形检查井翻转的专用设备。
When the service strength of the downhole chamber reaches the license, we should turn over the downhole chamber, and initially use artificial crane to turn it over. After studying, we are going to manufacture the special equipment for turning the rectangle well.
1.3 随着大管径的检查井投入生产，检查井体积增大、壁厚增厚随之检查井的单体构件重量的增大，原有的起重设备满足不了脱模的能力，通过采用了液压顶配合的办法，弥补设备能力上缺欠。
1.3 large diameter inspection wells with production, inspection wells volume and thickness along with the increase of monomer component weight inspection wells, the original lifting equipment can not release the ability to meet, by using the hydraulic top with the way, make up equipment ability defect.
2、检查井的研发
2. Research and development of inspection wells
根据
according to
