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塑料模具设计要考虑的结构要素有:
塑料模具设计要考虑的结构要素有:
The structural elements to be considered in plastic mold design are:
①分型面，即模具闭合时凹模与凸模相互配合的接触表面。它的位置和形式的选定，受制品形状及外观、壁厚、成型方法、后加工工艺、模具类型与结构、脱模方法及成型机结构等因素的影响。
① parting surface, i.e. the contact surface where the concave die and the convex die fit each other when the die is closed. The selection of its position and form is affected by the shape and appearance of the product, wall thickness, forming method, post-processing technology, mold type and structure, demoulding method and forming machine structure and other factors.
②结构件，即复杂模具的滑块、斜顶、直顶块等。结构件的设计非常关键，关系到模具的寿命、加工周期、成本、产品质量等，因此设计复杂模具核心结构对设计者的综合能力要求较高，尽可能追求更简便、更耐用、更经济的设计方案。
② structural parts, i.e. slide block, inclined top, straight top block, etc. of complex mould. The design of structural parts is very important, which is related to the life, processing cycle, cost and product quality of the mold. Therefore, the design of complex mold core structure requires a higher comprehensive ability of the designer, and seeks a simpler, more durable and more economic design scheme as much as possible.
③模具精度，即避卡、精定位、导柱、定位销等。定位系统关系到制品外观质量，模具质量与寿命，根据模具结构不同，选择不同的定位方式，定位精度控制主要依靠加工，内模定位主要是设计者充分去考虑，设计出更加合理易调整的定位方式。
③ die accuracy, i.e. card avoidance, precise positioning, guide post, positioning pin, etc. The positioning system is related to the product appearance quality, mold quality and service life. According to the different mold structure, different positioning methods are selected. The positioning accuracy control mainly depends on the processing. The internal mold positioning is mainly considered by the designer to design a more reasonable and easy to adjust positioning method.
②浇注系统，即由注塑机喷嘴至型腔之间的进料通道，包括主流道、分流道、浇口和冷料穴。特别是浇口位置的选定应有利于熔融塑料在良好流动状态下充满型腔，附在制品上的固态流道和浇口冷料在开模时易于从模具内顶出并予以清除(热流道模除外)。
② pouring system, that is, the feeding channel from the injection machine nozzle to the cavity, including the main flow channel, shunt channel, gate and cold cavity. In particular, the gate location should be selected to facilitate the molten plastic to fill the mold cavity in a good flow state, and the solid flow channel attached to the product and the gate cold material are easy to be ejected from the mold and removed (except for the hot flow channel mold) when opening the mold.
③塑料收缩率以及影响制品尺寸精度的各项因素，如模具制造和装配误差、模具磨损等。此外，设计压塑模和注塑模时，还应考虑成型机的工艺和结构参数的匹配。在塑料模具设计中已广泛应用计算机辅助设计技术。
③ plastic shrinkage and various factors affecting the dimensional accuracy of products, such as mold manufacturing and assembly errors, mold wear, etc. In addition, the matching of the technological and structural parameters of the molding machine should also be considered in the design of the press mold and the injection mold. CAD technology has been widely used in plastic mold design.
The structural elements to be considered in plastic mold design are:
①分型面，即模具闭合时凹模与凸模相互配合的接触表面。它的位置和形式的选定，受制品形状及外观、壁厚、成型方法、后加工工艺、模具类型与结构、脱模方法及成型机结构等因素的影响。
① parting surface, i.e. the contact surface where the concave die and the convex die fit each other when the die is closed. The selection of its position and form is affected by the shape and appearance of the product, wall thickness, forming method, post-processing technology, mold type and structure, demoulding method and forming machine structure and other factors.
②结构件，即复杂模具的滑块、斜顶、直顶块等。结构件的设计非常关键，关系到模具的寿命、加工周期、成本、产品质量等，因此设计复杂模具核心结构对设计者的综合能力要求较高，尽可能追求更简便、更耐用、更经济的设计方案。
② structural parts, i.e. slide block, inclined top, straight top block, etc. of complex mould. The design of structural parts is very important, which is related to the life, processing cycle, cost and product quality of the mold. Therefore, the design of complex mold core structure requires a higher comprehensive ability of the designer, and seeks a simpler, more durable and more economic design scheme as much as possible.
③模具精度，即避卡、精定位、导柱、定位销等。定位系统关系到制品外观质量，模具质量与寿命，根据模具结构不同，选择不同的定位方式，定位精度控制主要依靠加工，内模定位主要是设计者充分去考虑，设计出更加合理易调整的定位方式。
③ die accuracy, i.e. card avoidance, precise positioning, guide post, positioning pin, etc. The positioning system is related to the product appearance quality, mold quality and service life. According to the different mold structure, different positioning methods are selected. The positioning accuracy control mainly depends on the processing. The internal mold positioning is mainly considered by the designer to design a more reasonable and easy to adjust positioning method.
②浇注系统，即由注塑机喷嘴至型腔之间的进料通道，包括主流道、分流道、浇口和冷料穴。特别是浇口位置的选定应有利于熔融塑料在良好流动状态下充满型腔，附在制品上的固态流道和浇口冷料在开模时易于从模具内顶出并予以清除(热流道模除外)。
② pouring system, that is, the feeding channel from the injection machine nozzle to the cavity, including the main flow channel, shunt channel, gate and cold cavity. In particular, the gate location should be selected to facilitate the molten plastic to fill the mold cavity in a good flow state, and the solid flow channel attached to the product and the gate cold material are easy to be ejected from the mold and removed (except for the hot flow channel mold) when opening the mold.
③塑料收缩率以及影响制品尺寸精度的各项因素，如模具制造和装配误差、模具磨损等。此外，设计压塑模和注塑模时，还应考虑成型机的工艺和结构参数的匹配。在塑料模具设计中已广泛应用计算机辅助设计技术。
③ plastic shrinkage and various factors affecting the dimensional accuracy of products, such as mold manufacturing and assembly errors, mold wear, etc. In addition, the matching of the technological and structural parameters of the molding machine should also be considered in the design of the press mold and the injection mold. CAD technology has been widely used in plastic mold design.
